$odontoid fracture types$

Odontoid fracture: type 2 will cause posterior dens displacement and will disrupt Powers ratioĪtlanto-axial subluxation: atlantoaxial rotatory fixation will cause C1 lateral mass asymmetry relative to the densĭown syndrome: atlanto-occipital instability due to laxity of the alar ligament Jefferson fracture: anterior and posterior C1 ring fracture, possible lateral masses displacement Powers ratio >1 (insensitive to a vertical distraction injury or posterior dissociation)įor pediatric patients, the condyle-C1 interval (CCI) has been shown to provide the highest diagnostic accuracy 4.Ĭondyle-C1 interval (CCI) >4 mm in children The key to the diagnosis, in addition to identifying gross disruption of the normal alignment of the atlanto-occipital joint, hinges on using a number of lines on the lateral horizontal shoot-through cervical spine film 1:īasion-dens interval (BDI) >10 mm in adults 3īasion-axial interval (BAI) >12 mm in adults

$odontoid fracture types$

The AO Spine classification of upper cervical injuries is another classification system split into location-specific patterns and then further subdivided according to injury type and presence of neurological signs and/or modifying factors. The Traynelis classification describes injuries according to the displacement of the occipital condyles relative to the atlas.

$odontoid fracture types$

The tectorial membrane and alar ligaments provide most of the stability to the atlanto-occipital joint, and injury to these ligaments results in instability due to low inherent osseous stability 3.

$odontoid fracture types$

Odontoid fracture types